Rhizospheric Phosphate Solubilizing Bacillus atrophaeus GQJK17 S8 Increases Quinoa Seedling, Withstands Heavy Metals, and Mitigates Salt Stress

Introduction of quinoa (Chenopodium willd.), a gluten-free nutritious pseudo-cereal, outside its traditional growing areas exposed it to seedling damping-off. Here, we isolated eleven phosphate-solubilizing bacteria from the rhizosphere and assessed their effect on germination seedlings growth. All isolates solubilized phosphate, produced indole3-acetic acid, hydrocyanic siderophores, ammonia. Genotypic analysis revealed that our strains are related genus Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter. Strains Enterobacter asburiae (QD14, QE4, QE6, QE16), sp. QE3, hormaechei QE7 withstood 1.5 mg·L?1 cadmium sulfate, 0.5 mg·mL?1 nickel nitrate, 1 copper sulfate. Moreover, all zinc ZnO; P. Stutzeri QD1 E. QD14 did not solubilize Zn3(PO4)2 CO3Zn, whereas CO3Zn was by QE16. Bacillus atrophaeus S8 tolerated 11% NaCl. frederiksbergensis S6 Pseudomonas S7 induced biofilm formation. Anti-fusarium activity demonstrated for E.asburiae QE16, stutzeri QD1, S6, S7, B. S8. Lastly, inoculation seeds with QB1 best rate growth, suggesting potential use as inoculants salty heavy metal or contaminated soils.